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Concept and Need of Education Planning

Education planning at the secondary level is the process of developing and implementing a curriculum that will help students acquire the knowledge, skills, and abilities they need to be successful in college, career, and life.

Need for Education at the secondary level :

The need for education planning at the secondary level is clear. In today’s global economy, it is more important than ever for students to have the skills and knowledge they need to compete for jobs. And, with the ever-changing nature of work, it is also important for students to be able to learn new skills and adapt to new situations.

Education planning at the secondary level can help students meet these challenges by providing them with a well-rounded education that includes a focus on academic subjects, as well as on career and life skills. By planning carefully, educators can ensure that students have the opportunity to develop their full potential and to reach their goals.

Here are some of the benefits of education planning at the secondary level:

  • Increased student achievement: When students have a clear path to success, they are more likely to achieve their goals. Education planning can help students by providing them with a roadmap for their education.
  • Reduced dropout rates: Students who are engaged in their education and who have a clear sense of purpose are less likely to drop out. Education planning can help students by providing them with opportunities to explore their interests and to develop their skills.
  • Improved college and career readiness: Education planning can help students by providing them with the knowledge and skills they need to succeed in college and in the workforce.
  • Increased equity: Education planning can help to ensure that all students have access to a high-quality education, regardless of their background.
  • Preparation for post-secondary education and the workforce: Education planning ensures that students are prepared for the demands of post-secondary education and the workforce. A well-designed curriculum that provides a rigorous and relevant education, along with career exploration opportunities, can help students develop the skills and knowledge they need to succeed in college, vocational training, or the job market.
  • Personalized learning: Education planning provides a framework for personalized learning that is tailored to the individual needs and interests of students. This can help students stay engaged in their education and achieve their academic goals.
  • Equity and access: Education planning can promote equity and access to education by providing resources and support to students who may face barriers to academic success, such as those from low-income families or with disabilities. This can help to close achievement gaps and ensure that all students have an equal opportunity to succeed.
  • Strategic resource allocation: Education planning allows schools and districts to allocate resources effectively and efficiently. By identifying areas where additional resources are needed, education planning can help schools make strategic investments that improve student outcomes and support the goals of the school community.
  • Continuous improvement: Education planning is an ongoing process that involves continuous improvement and evaluation. This ensures that schools are adapting to changing needs and priorities, and that the education provided to students is of the highest quality.
  • Lifelong learning: Education planning can help students develop a lifelong love of learning and a desire for ongoing personal and professional growth. By providing a well-rounded education that supports critical thinking, creativity, and problem-solving, education planning can help students succeed in all areas of life.

There are many different ways to approach education planning at the secondary level. Some schools have a centralized planning process, while others allow individual teachers or departments to develop their own plans. The best approach will vary depending on the specific needs of the school or district.

However, there are some key elements that should be included in any education plan at the secondary level. These elements include:

  • A clear vision for what students should know and be able to do by the end of the secondary level.
  • A well-defined curriculum that includes a balance of academic subjects, career and life skills, and opportunities for students to explore their interests.
  • A system for assessing student progress and providing feedback.
  • A process for ensuring that all students have access to a high-quality education, regardless of their background.

Education planning at the secondary level is an essential part of ensuring that all students have the opportunity to succeed. By taking the time to plan carefully, educators can help students develop the knowledge, skills, and abilities they need to be successful in college, career, and life.

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Concept and Need of Education Planning
Concept and Need of Education Planning

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Need Assessment Model of Curriculum

The needs assessment model is a model that involves identifying the needs of learners and designing a curriculum that meets those needs. This model is a learner-centered approach to curriculum development, and it involves several key steps:

  1. Needs identification: This involves gathering information on the current situation and determining the gaps between the current situation and the desired situation. This can be done through various methods such as surveys, interviews, focus groups, and observations.
  2. Needs analysis: Once the needs have been identified, the next step is to analyze them in more detail. This involves examining the needs to determine their significance, urgency, and feasibility. This stage also involves analyzing the causes of the identified needs.
  3. Curriculum development: Once the needs have been identified and analyzed, the next step is to develop a curriculum that meets those needs. This involves creating learning objectives, selecting appropriate content and instructional methods, and determining the assessment strategies to evaluate student learning.
  4. Curriculum evaluation: The final stage of the needs assessment model of the curriculum involves evaluating the effectiveness of the curriculum. This is done through various methods such as testing, feedback from students and teachers, and observation. The evaluation results are then used to make necessary adjustments to the curriculum to improve its effectiveness.

Also Read : Demonstration Model

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Nicholls and Nicholls Model of Curriculum Development

The Nicholls and Nicholls Model of Curriculum Development 1972 model emphasizes the importance of a systematic and collaborative approach to curriculum development. It highlights the need to identify the needs and goals of the learners and the community, select appropriate content and teaching methods, and continuously evaluate and revise the curriculum to ensure it remains effective and relevant.

This Model of Curriculum Development is a systematic approach to curriculum development that was developed by John Nicholls and Sheelah Nicholls. The model outlines a seven-stage process for developing a curriculum that is relevant and effective in meeting the needs of the learners and the community.

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The Model is a 7-stage model that outlines a systematic approach to curriculum development. The seven stages are:

  1. Focus on the educational problem: The first stage involves identifying and defining the educational problem or need. This stage involves conducting a thorough analysis of the situation and identifying the needs of the learners and the community.
  2. Formulation of the curriculum objectives: The second stage involves formulating the curriculum objectives that are based on the identified needs and goals. These objectives should be specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound.
  3. Selection of the content: The third stage involves selecting the appropriate content that aligns with the curriculum objectives. This content should be relevant, current, and applicable to the learners’ needs.
  4. Organization of the content: The fourth stage involves organizing the selected content into a coherent and logical sequence. This stage involves developing a structure for the curriculum that is easy to follow and understand.
  5. Selection of teaching methods: The fifth stage involves selecting the appropriate teaching methods. The strategies should align with the curriculum objectives and content. These methods should be engaging, interactive, and effective in achieving the desired learning outcomes.
  6. Evaluation of the curriculum: The sixth stage involves evaluating the effectiveness of the curriculum in achieving the desired learning outcomes. This stage involves collecting and analyzing data to determine whether the curriculum objectives have been met.
  7. Revision of the curriculum: The final stage involves revising the curriculum based on the evaluation results. This stage involves making necessary adjustments and improvements to ensure the curriculum remains relevant and effective.
Nicholls and Nicholls Model -1972 | Curriculum Development Model
Also Read: Hilda Taba Model of Curriculum Development