The needs assessment model is a model that involves identifying the needs of learners and designing a curriculum that meets those needs. This model is a learner-centered approach to curriculum development, and it involves several key steps:
Needs identification: This involves gathering information on the current situation and determining the gaps between the current situation and the desired situation. This can be done through various methods such as surveys, interviews, focus groups, and observations.
Needs analysis: Once the needs have been identified, the next step is to analyze them in more detail. This involves examining the needs to determine their significance, urgency, and feasibility. This stage also involves analyzing the causes of the identified needs.
Curriculum development: Once the needs have been identified and analyzed, the next step is to develop a curriculum that meets those needs. This involves creating learning objectives, selecting appropriate content and instructional methods, and determining the assessment strategies to evaluate student learning.
Curriculum evaluation: The final stage of the needs assessment model of the curriculum involves evaluating the effectiveness of the curriculum. This is done through various methods such as testing, feedback from students and teachers, and observation. The evaluation results are then used to make necessary adjustments to the curriculum to improve its effectiveness.
A futuristic model of curriculum would aim to prepare students for the rapidly changing and modified world of the 21st century. This model would focus on the development of skills such as critical thinking, problem-solving, collaboration, communication, creativity, and adaptability, as these skills are essential for success in today’s workforce and society.
The curriculum is designed is flexible and responsive to changes in technology, society, and the economy. It would be interdisciplinary and cross-cultural, incorporating multiple perspectives and encouraging students to think globally.
The curriculum also focuses on lifelong learning, with a strong emphasis on the development of self-directed learning skills.
The curriculum would incorporate practical, real-world experiences that enable students to apply their knowledge and skills to real-world problems. These experiences could include internships, community service projects, and entrepreneurship programs so that the students can be prepared for future and changing needs.
Assessment in this futuristic model of curriculum would be diverse and multi-dimensional, including performance-based assessments, project-based assessments, and traditional tests. An assessment would also focus on the development of skills, rather than just content knowledge.
The curriculum incorporates multiple perspectives and encourages students to think globally.
The curriculum is designed to be flexible and responsive to changes in technology, society, and the economy.
The curriculum prioritizes practical, real-world experiences that enable students to apply their knowledge and skills to real-world problems.
Hilda Taba (1902-1967) was an Estonian-American educator and curriculum theorist who is best known for her development of a teaching model called the “Taba Model”.
Features and Steps of the Taba Model:
The Taba Model is a curriculum development model that emphasizes a cyclical process of curriculum development. It is based on student learning needs and experiences.
The Taba Model consists of the following steps:
Diagnosis of learner needs: This step involves identifying the learning needs, interests, and experiences of the students.
Formulation of objectives: Based on the diagnosis, objectives are formulated that are specific, measurable, and achievable.
Selection of content: The next step involves selecting content that is relevant to the objectives and the learning needs of the students.
Organization of content: The selected content is organized into a meaningful and logical sequence.
Selection of learning experiences: This step involves selecting appropriate learning experiences that will enable students to achieve the objectives.
Organization of learning experiences: The selected learning experiences are organized into a sequence that help students to achieve the objectives.
Evaluation: The final step involves evaluating the effectiveness of the curriculum in achieving the objectives.
Features of Hilda Taba Model :
Focus on learner-centeredness: The Taba Model places a strong emphasis on the learner and their individual needs and interests. The curriculum is relevant and meaningful to the students, and it takes into account their prior knowledge and experiences.
Spiral approach: The Taba Model uses a spiral approach, where the curriculum is organized around key concepts and ideas that are revisited and deepened over time. This allows students to build on their prior knowledge and make connections between different topics and subjects.
Critical thinking: This emphasizes the development of critical thinking skills, encouraging students to question, analyze, and evaluate information and ideas.
Interdisciplinary approach: The Taba Model encourages an interdisciplinary approach to learning, where students can explore connections between different subjects and topics.
Collaborative learning: The Taba Model promotes collaborative learning, where students work together in groups to explore and solve problems. This helps to develop communication and teamwork skills, as well as foster a sense of community and shared responsibility.
Flexibility: The Taba Model is designed to be flexible, allowing teachers to adapt the curriculum to meet the needs and interests of their students. So curriculum can be adjusted to accommodate changes in the classroom or new developments in the subject area.
The Taba Model emphasizes the importance of considering the needs and experiences of the students in the curriculum development process. It is a flexible and adaptable model that can be used in a variety of educational settings.
The Nicholls and Nicholls Model of Curriculum Development 1972 model emphasizes the importance of a systematic and collaborative approach to curriculum development. It highlights the need to identify the needs and goals of the learners and the community, select appropriate content and teaching methods, and continuously evaluate and revise the curriculum to ensure it remains effective and relevant.
This Model of Curriculum Development is a systematic approach to curriculum development that was developed by John Nicholls and Sheelah Nicholls. The model outlines a seven-stage process for developing a curriculum that is relevant and effective in meeting the needs of the learners and the community.
The Model is a 7-stage model that outlines a systematic approach to curriculum development. The seven stages are:
Focus on the educational problem: The first stage involves identifying and defining the educational problem or need. This stage involves conducting a thorough analysis of the situation and identifying the needs of the learners and the community.
Formulation of the curriculum objectives: The second stage involves formulating the curriculum objectives that are based on the identified needs and goals. These objectives should be specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound.
Selection of the content: The third stage involves selecting the appropriate content that aligns with the curriculum objectives. This content should be relevant, current, and applicable to the learners’ needs.
Organization of the content: The fourth stage involves organizing the selected content into a coherent and logical sequence. This stage involves developing a structure for the curriculum that is easy to follow and understand.
Selection of teaching methods: The fifth stage involves selecting the appropriate teaching methods. The strategies should align with the curriculum objectives and content. These methods should be engaging, interactive, and effective in achieving the desired learning outcomes.
Evaluation of the curriculum: The sixth stage involves evaluating the effectiveness of the curriculum in achieving the desired learning outcomes. This stage involves collecting and analyzing data to determine whether the curriculum objectives have been met.
Revision of the curriculum: The final stage involves revising the curriculum based on the evaluation results. This stage involves making necessary adjustments and improvements to ensure the curriculum remains relevant and effective.
Nicholls and Nicholls Model -1972 | Curriculum Development Model
A multilingual approach to language teaching understands the value of using multiple languages in the classroom to support language learning and promote linguistic and cultural diversity. This approach can be particularly beneficial for students who are learning a second or foreign language, as it allows them to draw on their existing linguistic and cultural knowledge which can help them in the acquisition of a new language.
A multilingual approach to language learning is an approach that recognizes the value of using multiple languages in the language-learning process. This approach recognizes the diversity of linguistic and cultural backgrounds of learners and aims to use this diversity as a resource to support language acquisition and understanding.
Features of Multilingual Approach to Language Teaching:
Embrace linguistic and cultural diversity: A multilingual approach recognizes that students come from a variety of linguistic and cultural backgrounds and that this diversity can enrich the language learning experience. Teachers should embrace this diversity and create a classroom environment that values and celebrates different languages and cultures.
Use students’ native languages as a resource: Teachers can use students’ native languages as a resource to support language learning. For example, they can encourage students to make connections between their native language and the target language, or they can use translation exercises to help students understand new vocabulary or grammar concepts.
Integrate multiple languages into the curriculum: A multilingual approach involves integrating multiple languages into the curriculum in meaningful ways. For example, teachers can use authentic materials in different languages, such as literature or media, to expose students to a variety of languages and cultures.
Provide language-rich environments: Teachers should create language-rich environments that promote active language use and engagement. This can involve using a variety of instructional strategies, such as group work, pair work, and interactive activities, to encourage students to use multiple languages in meaningful ways.
Promote intercultural competence: A multilingual approach should also aim to promote intercultural competence, or the ability to communicate effectively and appropriately with people from different cultures. Teachers can use a variety of activities and materials, such as cultural exchanges, to promote intercultural understanding and respect.
