Tag Archives: mdu b ed

B. Ed., Pedagogy of English

Open Ended Questions

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Open-ended questions are questions that do not have a specific answer or a narrow range of acceptable answers. They are designed to elicit more detailed, complex, and thoughtful responses from the person being asked, rather than just a simple “yes” or “no” answer.

They are designed to encourage a more detailed and thoughtful response, rather than just a simple “yes” or “no” answer. Open-ended questions often begin with words like “what,” “how,” or “why,” and require the person being asked to provide a more comprehensive answer that includes their thoughts, feelings, opinions, or experiences.

They are used in a variety of settings where in-depth and thoughtful responses are desired. Here are some examples:

  1. Education: Teachers use it to encourage critical thinking, deeper understanding, and discussion. It can prompt students to think creatively and engage in meaningful dialogue. They can be used in any subject area, including language arts, social studies, math, and science.
  2. Counseling and therapy: Therapists use It to help clients explore their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in greater depth. It can encourage clients to reflect on their experiences, gain insight into their emotions, and identify areas for growth and change.
  3. Market research: Researchers use open-ended questions to gather detailed and nuanced information from participants. It can help researchers gain a deeper understanding of participants’ opinions, attitudes, and experiences.
  4. Interviews: It are often used in job interviews to allow candidates to provide more detailed and meaningful responses. They can help employers gain a better understanding of a candidate’s qualifications, experience, and fit for the role.
  5. Conflict resolution: It can be used in conflict resolution to encourage parties to explore their perspectives, understand each other’s needs, and work towards a mutually beneficial solution.
Also Read : Inductive and Deductive Approach

Overall, open-ended questions are used in settings where a more detailed and nuanced response is desired. They encourage thoughtful and creative thinking, facilitate communication, and promote meaningful dialogue.

Open Ended Questions
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B. Ed., Learning and teaching

Inquiry Teaching Model

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The inquiry teaching model, also known as the inquiry-based learning model, is a teaching approach that emphasizes active learning, critical thinking, and problem-solving. This model is often used in science and mathematics education but can be applied to other subjects as well.

It involves posing questions, problems, or scenarios to students and encouraging them to investigate, explore, and discover answers through research, experimentation, and discussion. The teacher acts as a facilitator, guiding and supporting students in their learning journey rather than providing all the answers.

There are various stages of the this model including:

  1. Questioning: The teacher introduces a problem or question to students.
  2. Exploring: Students investigate the problem or question through research, experimentation, and discussion.
  3. Making connections: Students connect their findings to existing knowledge and concepts.
  4. Reflecting: Students reflect on their learning and identify areas for further investigation.
  5. Applying: Students apply their learning to new situations and contexts.
Also Read : Bruner’s Concept attainment Model

This model encourages students to develop skills such as critical thinking, creativity, and problem-solving, which are essential in the modern workforce. It also promotes student engagement and motivation, as students take ownership of their learning and are actively involved in the learning process.

Inquiry Teaching Model
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B. Ed., Learning and teaching

Bruner’s Concept Attainment Model

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Jerome Bruner’s Concept Attainment Model is a teaching strategy that emphasizes the importance of actively engaging students in the process of learning by using a deductive reasoning approach. The model is designed to help students develop critical thinking skills and the ability to make logical connections between ideas.

In the Concept Attainment Model, the teacher presents students with a set of examples, some of which are positive examples (examples of the concept being taught) and some of which are negative examples (examples of what the concept is not). The teacher then asks students to identify the common characteristics of the positive examples and to use deductive reasoning to identify the concept being taught.

About Concept Attainment Model

The students then work together to identify the characteristics that are common to the examples and use this information to generate a hypothesis about the concept being taught. This hypothesis is then tested by applying it to new examples and determining whether the examples fit the concept.

The Concept Attainment Model emphasizes the importance of active participation, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills in the learning process. It is often used to teach complex concepts in a variety of subject areas, including science, mathematics, and social studies. This model is effective in helping students develop a deeper understanding of the material they are learning and apply their knowledge.

Also Read : Mastery Learning Model
Features of Concept Attainment Model

The Concept Attainment Model involves several key steps:

  1. Identifying the concept: The teacher identifies the concept to be taught and selects a set of positive and negative examples to present to students.
  2. Presenting the examples: The teacher presents the examples to students, without initially telling them which examples are positive and which are negative.
  3. Identifying common characteristics: Students work in small groups or individually to identify the common characteristics of the positive examples and to eliminate the negative examples.
  4. Hypothesizing the concept: Students use deductive reasoning to hypothesize the concept being taught.
  5. Testing the hypothesis: Students test their hypothesis by applying it to new examples and evaluating whether the examples fit the concept being taught.
Bruner’s Concept Attainment Model
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B. Ed., Learning and teaching

Mastery Learning Model

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The Mastery Learning Model of Teaching is an approach that emphasizes the importance of providing students with multiple opportunities to learn and demonstrate mastery of the subject matter.

This model is based on the idea that every student can achieve mastery if provided with appropriate learning experiences .

About Mastery Learning Model

Mastery Learning Model is an educational approach that emphasizes the idea that all students can achieve mastery of a subject if they are provided with appropriate learning experiences and sufficient time to learn. This model was developed by educational psychologist Benjamin Bloom in the 1960s.

In the Mastery Learning Model, teachers break down the learning objectives into small, discrete skills or concepts. Students are taught each skill or concept in sequence, and they must demonstrate mastery of each skill or concept before moving on to the next one. Mastery is typically defined as a score of 80% or higher on a test or assessment.

If a student does not achieve mastery on a given skill or concept, they are provided with additional instruction, feedback, and support until they do. This model assumes that all students can achieve mastery of the subject matter with appropriate instruction, and that any student who has not achieved mastery simply needs more instruction and support.

Also Read : Glaser’s Basic Teaching Model

This model is characterized by several key features that distinguish it from other educational approaches. These features include:

  1. Clear and specific learning objectives: Teachers define specific learning objectives for each lesson or unit of study, breaking them down into small, discrete skills or concepts that students must master.
  2. Sequential learning: Students must master each skill or concept in a sequence before moving on to the next one.
  3. Individualized instruction: Teachers provide additional instruction, feedback, and support to students who have not yet achieved mastery of a particular skill or concept.
  4. Formative assessment: Teachers use formative assessment strategies to provide ongoing feedback to students and to identify areas where students need additional instruction.
  5. High expectations: Teachers hold high expectations for all students and assume that every student can achieve mastery of the subject matter with appropriate instruction.
  6. Flexibility: Sufficient time to learn each skill or concept, to accommodate the needs of individual students.
  7. Mastery-based grading: Students are graded based on their mastery of the subject matter rather than on the basis of time spent in class or other factors.

Mastery Learning Model is often used in combination with formative assessment and feedback to help students track their progress and identify areas in which they need further instruction.

Mastery Learning Model

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B. Ed., Learning and teaching

Glaser’s Basic Teaching Model

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The Glaser Basic Teaching Model, also known as the “Teach-the-Teacher” model, is a framework for teaching that emphasizes active participation and feedback. The model was developed by Robert Glaser, a psychologist and educational researcher, in the 1970s.

The Glaser Basic Teaching Model emphasizes the importance of feedback in the learning process. Feedback is provided throughout the presentation and practice phases, and the teacher encourages learners to give feedback to one another.

The Glaser Basic Teaching Model consists of three main phases:

  1. Preparation: In this phase, the teacher identifies the learning objectives, selects appropriate teaching methods and materials, and prepares the lesson plan.
  2. Presentation: In this phase, the teacher presents the information to the learners. The information is presented in small segments, and the teacher checks for understanding after each segment.
  3. Practice: In this phase, the learners practice what they have learned. The teacher provides feedback on the learners’ performance and encourages them to continue practicing until they have mastered the material.
Also Read : Team Teaching

The Glaser Basic Teaching Model stresses the importance of feedback in the learning process. Feedback is provided throughout the presentation and practice phases, and learners are encouraged to give feedback to one another. This model is often used in teacher training programs to help educators develop effective teaching strategies and improve the quality of their teaching.

Overall, the Glaser Basic Teaching Model is a structured approach to teaching that aims to ensure that learners are actively engaged in the learning process and receive feedback on their progress.

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Glaser’s Basic Teaching Model
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